Hypoglycemia in dogs is a state of low blood sugar, which results in symptoms that are often linked to the dog’s energy level. It may be triggered by underlying factors or exposure to such substances. It can cause pain, seizures, loss of consciousness, and even death in canines if it becomes serious.
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Symptoms
Common symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in dogs include:
- Lethargy or weakness
- Shaking or shaking
- Decreased vision or even vision loss
- Dilatation of pupils
- Heavy panting or running
- Diarrhea and Vomiting
- Appetite loss
- Lack of coordination or balance
- Anxious or angry behavior
- Twitching of the muscles
- Disorientation or confusion
- Cardiac arrhythmia or increases in heart rate
- Loss of function of the bladder
- Seizure
- Loss of consciousness or collapse
Diagnosis
Diagnostic tests are needed to identify and determine the cause of hypoglycemia. Testing might include:
- Medical history and physical examination;
- Measurement of concentration of blood glucose
- Other diagnostic blood tests such as routine serum biochemistry tests, urinalysis, serum insulin concentration, and complete blood count (also called hemogram or CBC) to monitor for the underlying cause of hypoglycemia.
- Ultrasound examination of the abdomen to try to detect a pancreatic or other tumour that can cause hypoglycemia.
Treatment
The treatment of hypoglycemia will depend on the underlying cause. Often, having the cause under control leads to low blood sugar resolution, but certain pets will need to be hospitalized for IV fluids containing an additional boost of sugar. Corn syrup can also be given orally at home in a pinch-if you have a dog or a cat that is prone to hypoglycemic episodes, be sure to ask your veterinarian for advice on home care.
Prevention
Keeping a watchful eye on your pet, especially when it’s a puppy, is an important factor in the prevention of hypoglycemia. It is also very necessary to have good nutrition on a regular schedule. Screening for hypoglycemia in circumstances where your dog needs to be fast, such as before surgery or anaesthetic, can also prevent it from being hypoglycemia.
To avoid the dog or cat from having episodes of hypoglycemia, monitor their glucose levels regularly. You can track this using a gluco-meter, which is a convenient little instrument specifically developed for diabetics pets and humans. This would allow owners to check and understand their dog’s current diabetes or blood sugar levels, which will be a huge relief for them as they don’t have to go through this test in health clinics where they have to waste a lot of money and their precious time. Visit your veterinarian if your dog’s condition deteriorates.